Take a photo of your working circuit, with the led aglow you may need to dim the lights a bit to get a good exposure of the led light. For those with longer scheduled lab times, a useful addition is to simulate the circuit s with a spicebased tool such as multisim, pspice, tinati, ltspice, or similar software, and compare those results to the theoretical and experimental results as well. It states that the amount of electric current flowing in a circuit is directly proportional to the voltage applied to the circuit, and inversely proportional to its resistance. Perform led measurements with four resistance values.
The shun resistor that will accomplish this has a value of. Before we can put resistors to good use, it is important that you understand. Characteristics limits test methods humidity steady state 10% maximum with no evidence of mechanical damage temporary resistance change after a 240 hours exposure in a humidity test chamber controlled at 40 2c and 90 to 95% relative. Series circuit construct the circuit figure 1 using the circuit construction kit cck simulation at the phet site. Along the way, you will establish that certain measurements are a ected by the way in which circuit elements are connected to each other. This is the most general purpose, cheap resistor used in electrical and electronic circuits. The nominal resistance value is specified by a color code that is shown in figure 8. For each of the circuits below except the rst, discuss the circuit with you lab partner and agree upon a design.
This is demonstrated clearly by an electric heater or toaster. For each configuration, calculate the current across the resistor. Electrical resistance and the resistor introduction ohms law is the most fundamental equation in electric circuit analysis. The carbon resistor a common type of resistor used in electrical circuits is made from a carbon composition in the form of a small solid cylinder with a wire lead attached to each end.
Resistors in series and parallel circuits using cck. This law states that the current in a circuit is directly proportional to the potential. Mar 12, 2018 circuitlab provides online, inbrowser tools for schematic capture and circuit simulation. Resistors and ohmmeter lab objectives a resistor is an analog component that is used in most electronic circuits. A resistor is identified by its pattern of color of bands.
The circuit components v1 and v2 in figure 21 are a positive and negative dc power supply, which provided the dc voltage applied to the resistor under test. A resistor left and a short circuited resistor right. This laboratory manual is intended for use in a dc electrical circuits course and is appropriate for two and. Characteristics limits test methods humidity steady state 10%. Common resistor and capacitor values for electronic circuits the following are the standard resistor values available in carbon film with a 2 or 5 percent tolerance. Power classification the greater the current that flows. Series and parallel resistors goals to understand the fundamental difference between resistors connected in series and in par. In the response of circuit elements lab, we determined the resistance of a carbon resistor, a light bulb, and a diode by applying various voltages and measuring the current flow that resulted.
Resistor is defined as an electrical component which is used for controlling temperature and voltage. To help us, we introduce two additional circuit laws. Measurement of 1f noise in carbon composition and thick film. Just have a look to the resistor color code chart below and see the calculations, how the resistance value is. Carbon resistors come in different physical sizes with power dissipation limits commonly from 1 watt down to 18 watt. Series and parallel resistors goals to understand the fundamental difference between resistors connected in series and in parallel. Resistor values in ohms are usually shown as an adjacent number, and if several resistors are present in a circuit, they will be labeled with a unique identifier number such as r 1, r 2, r 3, etc. Poor stability is the major disadvantage of carbon composition resistor. Take a photo of your working circuit, with the led aglow you may need to dim. Dc circuit table1 s analysis read resistor color laboratory 20112012 the first litter word to represent color resistor code in table 1 table 2 resistor tolerance view the resistors and. Record pairs of potential difference and current values in the table see below. An extendedprecision numerical solver core plus an advanced mixedmode eventdriven simulation engine makes it easy to get simulations running quickly. They are made from a solid cylindrical resistive element with embedded wire leads or metal end caps.
Although the circuit diagrams are usually shown in the laboratory instruction, you must always show a sketch of your properlylabeled circuit diagram with actual resistor values in your laboratory report. The popular carboncomposition resistors have tolerances of 20, 10, 5, 2, and 1. Heres an example of calculating the resistance of a carbon resistor that measures 0. Common resistor and capacitor values for electronic circuits. The value of the single resistor can be determined using equations 5ac and 9ac. A series resistor circuit is an electronic circuit in which all the resistors are connected one after another in the same path so that the same current flows through each and every resistor. The 690 ohms resistance can be obtained by placing the 220 and 470 resistors in series. Dc circuit table1 s analysis read resistor color laboratory 20112012 the first litter word to represent color resistor code in table 1 table 2 resistor tolerance view the resistors and based on the color bands determine its value. Their manufacture involves depositing a film of resistive material such as tin oxide on a tiny ceramic chip. Resistance, ohms law, and i v curves lab report studocu. Lab 4 series and parallel resistors physics 212 lab what you need to know. A typical resistor is a small carbon cylinder with two wire leads. Use the variable power supply and the variable resistor to vary the potential difference across the resistor, from 1.
Their resistive element is manufactured from a mixture of finely ground carbon dust or graphite similar to pencil lead and a nonconducting ceramic clay powder to bind it all together. What part do they play in a bar of or silver large copper learning radio theory lab experiments and for design and repair work after you become experienced in amateur radio. Without resistors we would be unable to build electrical circuits. When power is dissipated as within a resistor there will be heat. Led graphite resistor circuit try experimenting with a few different leds until you find the brightest setup. What is the current in the circuit when the temperature of the carbon rises to 80c. The circuit was built to measure the noise of the resistor under test rdut. These tools allow students, hobbyists, and professional engineers to design and analyze analog and digital systems before ever building a prototype.
In the response of circuit elements lab, we determined the resistance of a carbon resistor, a light bulb, and a diode by applying various voltages and measuring the. In fig 6, we are attempting to measure vout, the voltage across resistor r2. In electronic circuits, resistors are used to reduce current flow, adjust signal levels, to divide voltages, bias active elements, and terminate transmission lines, among other uses. Resistors are identified with the help of color codes. Science 14 lab 3 dc circuits theory all dc circuit analysis the determining of currents, voltages and resistances throughout a circuit can be done with the use of three rules. In electronic circuits, resistors are used to reduce current flow, adjust signal. May 25, 2008 at 20c the carbon resistor in an electric circuit connected to a 9.
Doc experiment resistor color code najat jumha academia. Measure the current through each resistor, showing on a circuit diagram exactly how and where the ammeter is connected in the circuit. A comparison between the voltages in a resistor, light bulb, and diode will be studied to determine the dependence of current and voltage in resistance, ohms law, unmeasured variables, and functionality of devices. The first band is a one 1, the second band is a zero 0, and the multiplier. What is the current in the circuit when the temperature of the carbon rises to 78c. The power rating of a resistor is the maximum power the resistor can handle. Measurement of 1f noise in carbon composition and thick. Each resistor measured for its 1fnoise contribution was placed at r3 as shown in figure 21. Updated explain the different types of resistors pdf.
Physics 6b lab jexperiment 5 electrical circuits apparatus computer and interface. The physics last week you examined how the current and voltage of a resistor are related. Carbon resistor definition, parts, uses, applications. Resistors are the most fundamental and commonly used component in all the electronic circuits. The main function of a resistor within an electrical or electronic circuit. Even within a short period, resistance of carbon composition resistor will change rapidly. To calculate the resistance of a resistor, you can select the appropriate color bands in the above. Resistor colour code and resistor tolerances explained. When a resistor or any other device is short circuited, current will completely bypass the resistor because the short circuit provides a more desirable path since a short circuit has zero resistance. Make the resistors have different value and record the value of each resistor.
The carbon resistor followed ohms law as shown by the straight line fit of the graph of voltage versus current. Use the ammeter moving it to take readings in the different places seen in figure 2. Pccp320 physical computing lab resistors and ohmmeter lab. Nov, 2011 circuitlab has no problem simulating big circuits of resistors, voltage sources, and current sources. Coates 2015 carbon film resistors 1watt resistor many modern circuits use smt resistors.
The total resistance of such a circuit is obtained by simply adding up the resistance values of the individual resistors. The typical resistor used here is a carbon resistor that is usually marked with colored bands to indicate its resistance in ohms, as seen in figure 1 see lab 2 for more detail. Construct the circuit as in figure 2 using the breadboard, jumper wires, and only use resistors numbers 1, 2, and 3. As you can see, resistor symbols can be shown either horizontally or vertically. Simple resistor circuits introduction in this lab, we will investigate ohms law, and study how resistors behave in various combinations. Carbon composition resistor definition, construction. Brown 1%, red 2%, gold 5%, silver 10 % if resistor has no fourth tolerance band then the default tolerance would be at 20%. Eee 205 fundamentals of electrical circuits lab experiment 1 resistors resistors of differerent tal film resistor. When a circuit requires resistor of equal e package sip resistors of fig. The purpose of a resistor is to provide a precise amount of electrical resistance in a circuit. To calculate the voltages and currents in simple circuits involving only resistors using the rules for adding series and parallel resistors. Print sharp, beautiful vector pdfs of your schematics, plus export to png, eps, or svg for including schematics in design documents or deliverables. A companion laboratory manual for ac electrical circuits is also available. Carbon resistor is one of the most common types of electronics used.
For each of the circuits below except the rst, discuss the circuit. It states that the amount of electric current flowing in a circuit is directly proportional to the voltage applied to the circuit. A comparison between the voltages in a resistor, light bulb, and diode will be studied to determine the dependence of current and. The circuit on the left shows the voltage, vout, to be measured. Resistors in series and parallel circuits using cck simulation. To calculate the resistance of a resistor, you can select the appropriate color bands in the above resistor color code calculator. The main function of a resistor within an electrical or electronic circuit is to oppose or resist the flow of current, hence named as resistor. If this power is exceeded, the resulting current flowing in the resistor will transfer too much energy in the form of heat to the resistor material, causing damage to the resistor. Here is an illustration of a small 18 or 14 watt resistor. To be checked o as completing this experiment, your ta will glance at all your circuits.
A carbon composition resistor could warp, create an open circuit. A resistor is a passive twoterminal electrical component that implements electrical resistance as a circuit element. If there is no tolerance band, then find the side that has. The cylinder is encircled with colored rings which code. Resistors an ammeter with an internal resistance of 40 ohms and a full scale deflection of 10 ma is needed to measure a full scale current of ma. Then sketch the circuit neatly on a blank piece of paper using standard electrical symbols. In part 2, we will proceed to investigate how resistors behave in various combinations.
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